A TIMELINE FOR THE PLANET   click for Home Page

 

THE AGE OF LARGE ANIMALS AND PLANTS – POST CAMBRIAN ERA

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Life of Universe  life of Planet  age of Mammals  age of hominids  age of humans

 

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    Birth                                  To put things in perspective -- age of large animals and plants is in red----------------------↓

of planet                4 (kMy)                                   3                                             2                                             1                                         now

        |__________|____________________|____________________|____________________|__________|__________|

 

Y’rs ago

(millions)

Events

Climate

‘Epoch’

      ~550

First decent sized fossils, the Ediacara fauna more

     ice

Precamb’ Prd

         545

Great Cambrian Explosion more,   trilobites more       Panotia      map 

 

Cambrian

 

                       

    hot

Period

         520

CAMBRIAN EXTINCTION more    515: Burgess Shale more

unknown

 

 

 

 

(545-505 My)

500

 

 

 

 

 

    hot

Ordovician

 

 

   wet

Period

         470

plants invade land (liverworts) & fungi appear more

 

(505-440 My)

        465

Great Ordovician diversification (more)                                                 map

 

 

 

 

    ice

 

         440

ORDOVICIAN EXTINCTION more

 

Silurian

 

                                                                                                             

 

Period

         420

animals invade land (arthropods) more, vascular plants appear more  map

    hot

 

 

 

    dry

(440-410 My)

400

Pangaea starts to build (more),  seeds appear (or possibly later) more

 

 

 

 

    hot

Devonian

         380

trees appear more   

   wet

Period more

         370

insects appear.   365: LATE DEVONIAN EXTINCTION more

 

(410-360 My)

         360

coal forests more  fish invade land more      oxygen level leaps   more

 

 

         350

land reptiles appear                                                                           map

  warm

 

 

 

   wet

 

         330

(throughout period) huge development in plants

 

Carboniferous

 

 

   cool

Period

 

 

   wet

(360-290 My)

300

flying insects appear more,  herbivores appear,  conifers appear

 

 

 

 

    ice

 

 

 

 

Permian

         270

Pangaea complete map, 260? flying reptiles appear more

  warm

Period

 

 

    dry

(290-245 My)

         250

Flood Basalts (Sib. Traps) more, P-T EXTINCT’ more   oxygen level falls

 

 

         240

widespread deserts (throughout period)                                            map

 

Triassic

 

 

 

Period

         220

Strange ‘triassic’ animals appear, + dinos & primitive mammals more

 

(245-200 My)

        

                                                                                                         

 

     Age

200   205

flood basalts (S. America), TRIASSIC EXTINCTION more            map

 hot dry

 

 

Gymnosperms dominate the plant scene more

 

 

         183

flood basalts (S. Africa & Antarctica, minor extinct’), methane outpouring

 

Jurassic

 

 

 

Period

 

 

 

(200-145 My)

         150

Pangaea breaks up   huge dinos & flying reptiles     oxygen level rises

  warm

 

 

(still 150)  first birds more         Evolution of flight                                    map

 medium

of

         140

flowering plants appear more                                                                 

 

 

         120

Flood basalts, methane outpourings (but no extinctions)

 

Cretaceous

 

 

 

Period

100

 

    hot

(145-65 My)

 

 

 medium

 

 

 

 

 

           70

first primates (primitive)          65+  Flood basalts (Deccan Traps) more

 

Dinosaurs

           65

K-T EXTINCTION more end of dinosaurs & flying reptiles              map

 

 

           55

mammals start take over, serious primates appear,        surge of global warmng

Warm wet

 

           40

India hits Asia,            oxygen level falls   descent into ice age begins

 

Age    of

           30

Hominoids appear (apes etc.)                35: Antarctic ice sheet starts to form 

 

 

           20

Africa hits Europe

     ice

Mammals

           10

Himalayas start building,        7: grass becomes widespread

 

Expand

    0       5

first Hominids   2.5 first tools   1.9  first Homos leave Africa  1.6 use of Fire

 

 

 © C B Pease, January 08